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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 69(3): 458-462, Mar. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422657

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate how the pandemic might have affected the number of elective and urgent hysterectomies for benign gynecological pathologies in a single-care tertiary center in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and to identify if there were any changes in the need for blood transfusions. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study. It involved all non-puerperal and non-oncological hysterectomies from October 2018 to July 2021. Patients were divided into two groups, namely, the pandemic group (46 patients) and the control group (92 patients). Data were collected by reviewing the physical and electronic patient records. We carried out the statistical analysis using the RStudio software. RESULTS: The number of planned hysterectomies was 82 in the pre-pandemic group and 23 in the analysis group, representing a 71.9% decrease. When considering only urgent surgeries, 10 of them happened in the pre-pandemic group, while 23 occurred in the pandemic group, representing an increase of 130%. CONCLUSION: Elective hysterectomies may improve the quality of life of women, reducing abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain. Treatment delay can worsen patients' physiological and biological conditions, such as lower labor production, humor, and social aspects, increasing costs to the healthcare system.

2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 68(11): 1593-1598, Nov. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406587

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which began in 2020, disrupted healthcare services. Reports of changes in surgical activities coincide with the outbreak period. We aimed to identify if changes could be determined in hospitalization rates of ovarian cancer patients from 2016 to 2020, comparing pre-pandemic and pandemic levels. METHODS: Aggregated data were obtained from the State of São Paulo Secretary of Health regarding ovarian cancer clinical and surgical hospitalization, both Coronavirus disease-specific ICU and infirmary bed occupation rates, average social distancing rates, coronavirus disease 2019 incidence, mortality, and lethality rates. We performed the joinpoint analysis to verify if there were changes regarding hospitalization rates during this period. We also calculated hospitalization rate ratios and tested if they were correlated with pandemic-related variables. RESULTS: Hospitalization rates in the state fell, coinciding with the pandemic. Surgical hospitalization rate ratios were inversely correlated with Coronavirus disease-specific ICU bed occupation rates during the third trimester of 2020, with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of −0.50 (95%CI −0.78 to −0.05, p=0.03). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the treatment of conditions that compete for the same healthcare resources.

3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 68(6): 842-846, June 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387170

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has disrupted cancer screening worldwide. This study aims to analyze the changes in the rates of screening mammograms and BIRADS 4 or 5 mammograms during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the opportunistic scenario. METHODS: We integrated three different public databases from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, to obtain the rate of screening mammograms per 1,000, and the rate of BIRADS 4 or 5 mammograms per 100,000 women aged from 50 to 69 years in the years from January 2017 to December 2020. RESULTS: The mean monthly screening mammograms decreased from 14.8/1,000 in 2019 to 9.25/1,000 in 2020, with the lowest rates being recorded in May 2020 (3.1/1,000). The mean monthly high-risk mammograms decreased from 12.8/100,000 in 2019 to 9.1/100,000 in 2020, with the lowest rates being recorded in April 2020 (4.3/100,000). CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic significantly decreased mammography screening in an opportunistic scenario, a warning sign for decreasing diagnosis of breast cancer in early stages, and increasing advanced stage diagnosis and mortality in the future.

7.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet ; 42(8): 486-492, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137862

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To determine the average body composition (percentage of body fat), the anthropometric markers, and the intensity of clinical pain in women with a clinical diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) secondary to endometriosis. Methods A case-control study performed with 91 women, 46 of whom with CPP secondary to endometriosis and 45 of whom with CPP secondary to other causes. They underwent an evaluation of the anthropometric parameters by means of the body mass index (BMI), the perimeters (waist, abdomen, hip), and the percentage of body fat (%BF), which were assessed on a body composition monitor by bioimpedance; the intensity of the clinical pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS), and the symptoms of anxiety and depression, using the hospital's anxiety and depression scale (HAD). Results The groups did not differ in terms of mean age, BMI, %BF or regarding the available waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). The mean intensity of the clinical pain by the VAS was of 7.2 ± 2.06 in the group with CPP secondary to endometriosis, and of 5.93 ± 2.64 in the group with CPP secondary to other causes (p = 0.03), revealing significant differences between the groups. Conclusion We concluded that, despite the difference in the pain score assessed between the two groups, there was no difference regarding body composition and anthropometry.


Resumo Objetivo Determinar a composição corporal média (porcentagem de gordura corporal), os marcadores antropométricos, e a intensidade de dor clínica em mulheres com diagnóstico clínico de dor pélvica crônica (DPC) secundária a endometriose. Métodos Um estudo de caso-controle realizado com 91 mulheres, 46 das quais com DPC secundária a endometriose, e 45 das quais com DPC secundária a outras causas. As pacientes foram submetidas à avaliação dos parâmetros antropométricos por meio do índice de massa corporal (IMC), dos perímetros (cintura, abdômen, quadril), e do percentual de gordura corporal (%GC), que foram avaliados emmonitor de composição corporal por bioimpedância; a intensidade clínica da dor foi avaliada usando-se a escala visual analógica (EVA), e os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, usando a escala de ansiedade e depressão do hospital (EADH). Resultados Os grupos não diferiram quanto à idade média, ao IMC, ao %GC, nem quanto à relação da cintura-quadril (RCQ) disponível. Amédia da intensidade clínica da dor pela EVA foi de 7,2 ± 2,06 no grupo com DPC secundária a endometriose, e de 5,93 ± 2,64 no grupo com DPC secundária a outras causas (p = 0,03), revelando diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Emrelação à EADH, ambos os grupos estavam acima da média de corte. Conclusão Concluímos que, apesar da diferença no escore de dor avaliado entre os dois grupos, não houve diferença com relação à composição corporal e à antropometria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Body Composition/physiology , Pelvic Pain/etiology , Endometriosis/complications , Endometriosis/epidemiology , Chronic Pain/etiology , Anxiety , Pain Measurement , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Depression , Middle Aged
9.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 38(1): 47-52, jan. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769955

ABSTRACT

Objective Patient autonomy has great importance for a valid informed consent in clinical practice. Our objectives were to quantify thedomains of patient autonomy and to evaluate the variables that can affect patient autonomy in women with chronic pelvic pain. Methods This study is a cross sectional survey performed in a tertiary care University Hospital. Fifty-two consecutive women scheduled for laparoscopic management of chronic pelvic were included. Three major components of autonomy (competence, information or freedom) were evaluated using a Likert scale with 24 validated affirmatives. Results Competence scores (0.85 vs 0.92; p = 0.006) and information scores (0.90 vs 0.93; p = 0.02) were low for women with less than eight years of school attendance. Information scores were low in the presence of anxiety (0.91 vs 0.93; p = 0.05) or depression (0.90 vs 0.93; p = 0.01). Conclusions Our data show that systematic evaluation of patient autonomy can provide clinical relevant information in gynecology. Low educational level, anxiety and depression might reduce the patient autonomy in women with chronic pelvic pain.


Objetivo A autonomia da paciente é de grande importância para que o consentimento informado seja válido na prática clínica. Nossos objetivos foram quantificar os domínios da autonomia e avaliar variáveis que modificam a autonomia em mulheres com dor pélvica crônica. Métodos Este é um estudo transversal realizado em um Hospital Universitário terciário. Foram incluídas consecutivamente 52 mulheres com dor pélvica crônica agendadas para videolaparoscopia. Foi utilizada uma escala Likert com 24 afirmativas validadas para quantificar os três principais componentes da autonomia (competência, informação e liberdade). Resultados Os escores de competência (0,85 vs 0,92; p = 0,006) e informação (0,90 vs 0,93; p = 0,02) foram menores para mulheres com ensino fundamental incompleto. Os escores de informação foram menores em mulheres com sintomas de ansiedade (0,91 vs 0,93; p = 0,05) ou depressão (0,90 vs 0,93; p = 0,01). Conclusões Nossos dados mostram que a quantificação da autonomia pode produzir informações relevantes para a prática clínica em ginecologia. O nível educacional e a presença de ansiedade e depressão podem afetar a autonomia de mulheres com dor pélvica crônica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Depression , Pelvic Pain/psychology , Anxiety , Chronic Pain/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies
10.
Perionews ; 9(4): 294-298, jul.-ago. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-772176

ABSTRACT

A doença periodontal (DP) é uma patologia inflamatória comumente relacionada à perda dental, na qual, em resposta à microbiota subgengival, o hospedeiro libera uma série de mediadores inflamatórios e enzimas que levam à degradação dos tecidos periodontais. Atualmente, tem sido sugerido que a inflamação associada ao câncer é similar àquela vista em inflamações crônicas. As células inflamatórias são recrutadas para dentro dos processos neoplásicos e liberam fatores que podem atuar na supressão do tumor por estímulo da resposta imune antitumoral ou, sob certas condições, parecem estimular o desenvolvimento do câncer. A ideia de que a resposta imunoinflamatória é o fator-chave que poderia explicar uma possível associação entre DP e câncer tem levado a comunidade científica a investigar quais os possíveis mecanismos envolvidos nessa relação. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, na literatura científica, evidências da associação entre câncer de mama e DP, utilizando as bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane, Lilacs e SciELO, abrangendo estudos publicados na última década.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Inflammation , Periodontal Diseases
11.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 47(3): 272-279, jul.-set. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752840

ABSTRACT

Nesta revisão são discutidos os aspectos conceituais e princípios básicos para a construção de currículos para os cursos de graduação das profissões da saúde. Serão abordados alguns modelos, fundamentos e passos essenciais para a construção de currículos, em paralelo ao contexto das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. No planejamento e na organização dos currículos, é destacada a relevância do comprometimento do professor, aluno e equipe; do emprego de estratégias apropriadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e dos instrumentos de avaliação que possam contribuir para a revisão e melhorias do currículo proposto.


In this review we present the concepts and the basic principles for curriculum design in health professions education (HPE), and present some curriculum design models as well as the essential steps for those who are facing this challenge. All the discussion brings the perspective of National Curriculum Guidelines for HPE in Brazil. It is highlighted the importance of the stakeholders’ engagement in this process and the correct use of appropriate strategies of teaching-learning, students’ assessment tools that can contribute to the implementation/review and improvement of curriculum in HPE courses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Curriculum/standards , Courses/methods , Models, Educational , Health Occupations/education , Health Personnel , Learning , Construction Industry/methods , Professional Practice/standards
12.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 47(3): 280-283, jul.-set. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752839

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir aspectos políticos e pedagógicos do planejamento educacional no contexto da universidade contemporânea. Nesse sentido, o texto aborda os princípios e a importância do planejamento educacional, o lugar e a definição de projeto político pedagógico, da organização curricular e do plano de aprendizagem como aspectos constituintes e integrados do planejamento. A compreensão das etapas apresentadas e da necessária integração entre todos os componentes do planejamento e desses no contexto social concreto é fundamental para todos os que desejam exercer a docência na área da saúde.


The purpose of this article is to discuss political and pedagogical aspects of educational planning in the context of the contemporary university. In this direction, the text addresses the principles and the importance of educational planning, the position and definition of political-pedagogic project, curricular organization and learning plan as integrated constituents features of educational planning. Understanding the steps presented and the necessary integration between all these components of the planning and the concrete social context is essential for all who wish to pursue teaching in health care field.


Subject(s)
Humans , Learning , Educational Measurement/standards , Curriculum/standards , Health Educators/education , Universities , Planning/methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Universities
13.
Femina ; 41(3)maio-jun.. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-730212

ABSTRACT

A síndrome da bexiga hiperativa é um distúrbio caracterizado pela presença de urgência miccional, podendo ou não haver incontinência urinária associada. Afeta homens e mulheres em iguais proporções, mas tem maior impacto sobre a população feminina, já que a incidência de incontinência é maior. O tratamento de primeira linha consiste em medidas comportamentais, treinamento vesical e fisioterapia, podendo-se associar tratamento farmacológico em casos persistentes. As drogas mais frequentemente utilizadas são os anticolinérgicos, medicações eficazes, porém associadas a efeitos adversos incômodos que frequentemente limitam a aderência. Uma proporção considerável de mulheres não obtém êxito com a combinação de medidas conservadoras e medicações anticolinérgicas, seja por eficácia limitada, seja por efeitos colaterais intoleráveis. Para essa população, modalidades de tratamento de segunda e terceira linha podem trazer alívio sintomático e melhora da qualidade de vida. Além disso, foi recentemente aprovada uma nova classe de drogas para o tratamento da bexiga hiperativa, os agonistas de receptores ?3-adrenérgicos, que prometem eficácia equivalente aos anticolinérgicos sem os efeitos adversos que os limitam...


Overactive bladder syndrome is a condition characterized by urgency, with or without urinary incontinence. It affects men and women equally, but has a greater impact on the female population, given the higher prevalence of urgency-incontinence. First line treatment consists on lifestyle interventions, bladder drills and physical therapy. Pharmacological treatment may be associated in persistent cases. The most commonly used medications are anticholinergics, which are efficacious, but limited by a variety of bothersome adverse effects that impair treatment compliance. A significant proportion of women don?t experience a successful outcome with the combination of conservative measures and treatment with anticholinergics, owing both to limited efficacy and to intolerable adverse effects that lead to treatment discontinuation. For this population, second and third line therapies may provide symptomatic relief, with great improvement in health related quality of life. Also, a new class of drugs, the ?3-adrenergic receptor agonists, has recently been approved for the treatment of overactive bladder, and may provide similar efficacy to currently used anticholinergic drugs without the associated adverse effects...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cholinergic Agonists/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/drug therapy , Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation , Physical Therapy Modalities , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Cholinergic Agonists/adverse effects , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/therapy , Urinary Incontinence, Urge/etiology , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/urine
14.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 48(6): 459-462, dez. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-666035

ABSTRACT

Os tumores mistos de células musculares lisas e do estroma endometrial uterino, caracterizados pela presença de componentes de ambas as linhagens, coexistindo em proporções quase equivalentes, são neoplasmas raros. Possuem potencial biológico incerto e se comportam de acordo com o componente estromal. A imuno-histoquímica é uma grande aliada no diagnóstico microscópico, pois a clínica e os exames de imagem não ajudam a diferenciá-los de outras doenças uterinas. Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente cuja hipótese diagnóstica era de leiomioma uterino e que, após cirurgia, foi diagnosticada pelo estudo anatomopatológico como tumor misto de células musculares lisas e do estroma endometrial uterino.


Mixed tumors of uterine smooth muscle and endometrial stromal cells, which are characterized by the presence of components from both cell lineages with similar proportions, are rare neoplasms. Their biological potential is uncertain, and they behave according to the stromal component. Immunohistochemistry is an important ally in microscopic diagnosis, because symptoms and imaging exams do not help in the differentiation from other uterine diseases. We describe a case of a patient who had been previously diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma, and after surgery, the anatomopathological study revealed a mixed tumor of uterine smooth muscle and endometrial stromal cells.

15.
Femina ; 39(9)set. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641394

ABSTRACT

Os autores fizeram uma revisão de literatura acerca da análise doplervelocimétrica como ferramenta ultrassonográfica do comportamento biológico da vasculatura uterina e do leiomioma uterino, e procuraram averiguar, por meio de revisão da literatura, se o Doppler poderia diferenciar o leiomioma do leiomiossarcoma e avaliar a resposta ao tratamento clínico com agonistas do GnRH, moduladores seletivos de receptores de progesterona e procedimentos minimamente invasivos destes tumores. Outros tipos de tratamento não foram avaliados. Apesar do restrito número de estudos e da baixa casuística de cada pesquisa isoladamente, observou-se que há uma mudança no índice de resistência dos parâmetros doplervelocimétricos após o tratamento farmacológico e/ou minimamente invasivo do leiomioma uterino; as demais variáveis se comportam de forma variável. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a doplervelocimetria parece não se constituir ainda um parâmetro confiável para diferenciar o leiomioma do leiomiossarcoma e de avaliação de resposta ao tratamento clínico


The authors performed a literature review about Doppler velocimetry as the ultrasonographic tool of the biological behavior from uterine and leiomioma vascularization. They also tried to ascertain through literature review if Doppler could differ between leiomioma to leiomyossarcoma and assess response to clinical treatment with GnRH agonists, selective modulators of progesterone receptors and minimally invasive procedures of these tumors. Other types of treatment were not evaluated. Despite the restrict number of studies and low sampling of each research, there was a change on resistant index from Doppler velocimetry patterns after pharmacological and/or minimally invasive treatment of uterine leiomioma; other indices behaved diversely. Therefore, we concluded that Doppler velocimetry does not constitute a good pattern to differ uterine leiomioma from leiomyossarcoma and of response assessment to clinical treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , Leiomyoma/diagnosis , Leiomyoma/therapy , Leiomyoma , Leiomyosarcoma , Receptors, Progesterone/therapeutic use , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Uterine Neoplasms
16.
Clinics ; 66(8): 1307-1312, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598368

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pelvic pain is a disease that directly affects the social and professional lives of women. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of this clinical condition and to identify independent factors associated with it in women living in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. METHODS: A one-year cross-sectional study was conducted in a population sample of 1,278 women over the age of 1,278 women over the age of 14 years. The target population was predominantly composed of women who are treated by the public health system. The questionnaire was administered by interviewers who were not linked to the city health care programs. The prevalence of the morbidity was estimated. First, we identified the significant variables associated with pelvic pain (p<0.10) and then we attributed values of 0 or 1 to the absence or presence of these variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify and estimate the simultaneous impact of the independent variables. The results were expressed by odds ratio and their 95 percent confidence interval with p<0.05. RESULTS: The disease was found in 11.5 percent (147/1,278) of the sample. The independent predictors were dyspareunia, previous abdominal surgery, depression, dysmenorrhea, anxiety, current sexual activity, low back pain, constipation, urinary symptoms, and low educational level. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of chronic pelvic pain in Ribeirão Preto is high and is associated with conditions that can usually be prevented, controlled, or resolved by improvement of public health policies and public education.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Abdomen/surgery , Chronic Pain/epidemiology , Pelvic Pain/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Chronic Pain/etiology , Prevalence , Pelvic Pain/etiology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
18.
Femina ; 37(1): 29-34, jan. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-521741

ABSTRACT

A gravidez ectópica é uma importante causa de morbimortalidde materna no primeiro trimestre gestacional. As dosagens hormonais seriadas e a ultrassonografia endovaginal, realizadas atualmente, facilitaram o diagnóstico e tratamento da gravidez ectópica, antes que ocorresse a ruptura tubária. O tratamento clínico medicamentoso com o metotrexato, um antagonista do ácido fólico altamente tóxico a tecidos em rápida replicação, é bastante utilizado em gestações ectópicas íntegras, adequadamente selecionadas. Muitos estudos vêm sendo realizados a fim de tentar definir quais grupos de pacientes se beneficiariam desse tratamento e, qual seria o melhor esquema de administração dessa droga, com redução dos efeitos colaterais e melhores taxas de sucesso. Esta revisão expõe as opções de tratamento medicamentoso mais estudadas para tratamento da gravidez ectópica íntegra, com ênfase nas taxas de sucesso de tratamento (cura, persistência de tecido trofoblástico e permeabilidade tubária) e no prognóstico a longo prazo.


Ectopic pregnancy is a significant cause of morbity and mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. Serial hormone assays and transvaginal ultrasonography facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy before rupture occurs. Early nonsurgical diagnosis and appropiate treatment have resulted in diversity of management options and decline in mortality, due to this pathology. Treatment with methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist, highly toxic to rapidly replicating tissues, can be applied on selected patients with non-ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Many studies have been developed intending to define which patients would be benefited by this treatment and how to administer this drug, with low side effects and good successful rates. This review refers to the best practice on non-ruptured ectopic pregnancy, with emphasis on treatment success rates (cure rate, incidence of persistent trophoblast and tubal patency) and long-term prognosis.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal/therapeutic use , Pregnancy, Ectopic/diagnosis , Pregnancy, Ectopic/drug therapy , Pregnancy, Ectopic/therapy , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Methotrexate/adverse effects , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Single Dose , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Prognosis
19.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 35(5): 284-291, set.-out. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-512112

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: investigar o impacto da recorrência local no prognóstico de pacientes com câncer de mama em estágio inicial tratado com cirurgia conservadora. MÉTODO: foi realizado estudo de coorte retrospectivo incluindo 192 pacientes com câncer de mama em estágio inicial submetidas a tratamento conservador. Utilizando critérios clínicos e patológicos (tempo para recorrência, local da recorrência e tipo histológico) classificamos as pacientes em três grupos. O grupo de recorrência local verdadeira (RLV), o grupo de novo tumor primário (NP) e o grupo livre de recorrência local (LRL). Foi comparada a evolução entre os diferentes grupos. RESULTADOS: menor idade e uma maior proporção de pacientes na pré-menopausa foram observas no grupo NP. A presença de RLV foi o mais importante fator prognóstico sendo que 40 por cento das pacientes deste grupo desenvolveram doença metastática sincrônica à recorrência local. Doença metastática ocorreu em 28,5 por cento e 4,7 por cento nos grupos NP e LRL, respectivamente (p< 0,0001). A taxa de sobrevida global em cinco anos foi de 75 por cento no grupo RLV, 100 por cento no grupo NP e 98,2 por cento no grupo LRL (p< 0,0001). Tipo histológico, margens cirúrgicas, metástase em linfonodos axilares e expressão de receptores hormonais não foram preditores de recorrência local. Pacientes que não foram submetidas a hormonioterapia adjuvante e a idade foram os mais importantes fatores preditores de recorrência local. CONCLUSÃO: recorrência local verdadeira é um fator prognóstico em pacientes com câncer de mama inicial tratado com cirurgia conservadora. A idade é o mais importante fator na recorrência local neste grupo de pacientes. O alto risco recorrência local nestas pacientes é um fator limitante da cirurgia conservadora.


BACKGROUND: In order to investigate the impact of local recurrence on breast cancer patient prognosis, we developed this study. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study including 192 patients with early stage breast cancer subjected to breast conserving surgery (BCT) was performed to evaluate the local recurrence pattern and its role on disease progression. Using clinical and pathological criteria (time for recurrence, site of local recurrence and histological type) we classified patients as true local recurrence (TR group), new primary tumor (NP group), and patients free of local recurrence (FLR group). We compared the clinical course among these groups. RESULTS: Patients classified as NP are associated with young age and pre-menopausal status. The presence of TR is the most important predictive factor of prognosis and 40 percent of patients presented synchronic metastatic disease. The metastatic disease occurred in 28.5 percent and 4.7 percent of patients in the NP and FLR groups, respectively (p< 0.0001). Five-year overall survival rate was 75 percent in the TR group, 100 percent in the NP group and 98.2 percent in the FLR group (p< 0.0001). The Histological type and grade, margins status, lymph node metastasis and hormonal receptors were not predictive factors of local recurrence. Patients who were not submitted to hormonal therapy and young age are the most important predictive factors of local recurrence. CONCLUSION: True local recurrence had an influence on overall survival in patients with early breast cancer and the main risk factor for local recurrence was young age. The high-risk incidence for recurrence after BCT in such patients is a limiting factor of therapy.

20.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 54(5): 467-470, set.-out. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-495910

ABSTRACT

Entre as mulheres brasileiras a principal causa de mortalidade são as doenças cardiovasculares, seguida em freqüência pelo câncer, sendo o de mama o mais comum. É bastante conhecida a associação de câncer com eventos tromboembólicos, mas pouco estabelecida sua relação com os demais eventos cardiovasculares. Para estudar estes eventos desde suas alterações primordiais, como a lesão e disfunção endotelial e a formação da placa aterosclerótica, vários métodos têm sido utilizados. Dentre eles, a dosagem sérica de P e E-selectina e do fator de von Willebrand são relevantes devido à associação tanto com o risco cardiovascular quanto com o processo de progressão e formação de metástase do câncer de mama. Outro método de avaliação da função endotelial é a medida da dilatação da artéria braquial mediada por fluxo, que cada vez mais ganha popularidade devido à sua natureza não-invasiva e a comprovação de sua associação com a disfunção endotelial e risco de eventos cardiovasculares. Buscamos, através desta revisão, condensar o que houve de mais relevante nestes últimos anos sobre a associação de câncer, em especial o de mama, com lesão endotelial e risco cardiovascular.


The main cause of death among Brazilian women is cardiovascular disease followed by cancer with breast cancer as the most incident. The relationship between cancer and thrombosis is well known, although its association with other cardiovascular events is poorly understood. In order to study these events from the earliest findings such as endothelial injury and dysfunction and the evolving atherosclerotic plaque, many methods are currently being used. Among these methods, E- and P-selectin and the von Willebrand factor have been associated, either with cardiovascular risk or with breast cancer growth and metastasis. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation is a tool available that emerged in the last decade due to its noninvasive nature and its clear association with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk. The aim of this revision is to bring the newest and most relevant updates about the association of breast cancer, endothelial injury and cardiovascular risk.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Biomarkers/blood , Brachial Artery/physiopathology , Breast Neoplasms/blood , Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Regional Blood Flow/physiology , Selectins/blood , von Willebrand Factor/analysis
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